LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN · COUNTRY REFERENCE
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
Written and compiled by American Business Capital Group Inc.
Selected country or entityMap: Natural Earth ↗
ANNUAL ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT
Population & economic scale
The most recent non-empty observations returned by the World Bank when this snapshot was collected. Read the year on each card: these are annual statistics, not live measurements.
World Bank reporting entity: Venezuela, RB · 3 of 3 indicators available.
Population
28,516,896
people
observation
Definition, value & source
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
Received value: 28516896 people. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wpp/, publisher: UN Population Division; Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices, National Statistical Offices (NSOs), uri: https://unstats.un.org/home/nso_sites/, publisher: National Statistical Offices; Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, Eurostat (ESTAT), uri: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database?node_code=earn_ses_monthly, publisher: Eurostat; Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), United Nations (UN), uri: https://unstats.un.org, publisher: UN Statistics Division
GDP
$99.66 billion
current US$
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 99661244155.6306 current US$. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP per capita
$3,495
current US$ per person
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate.This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 3494.8138870244 current US$ per person. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP and GDP per capita use current US dollars, without an inflation or purchasing-power-parity adjustment. Source years can differ. Missing data is not zero; earlier archive figures below are retained as a separate historical reference.
THE REFERENCE FILE
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) at a glance
These are historical reference facts from the 2025 World Factbook archive. Each estimate keeps its own period; an archive edition does not make every figure a measurement from that year.
Population
total: 31,755,435 (2025 est.) male: 15,808,263 female: 15,947,172
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$110.943 billion (2023 est.) $106.672 billion (2022 est.) $98.768 billion (2021 est.) note: data in 2015 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)
$139.395 billion (2023 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Real GDP growth rate
-19.67% (2018 est.) -14% (2017 est.) -15.76% (2017 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP per capita
$4,900 (2023 est.) $4,600 (2022 est.) $4,000 (2021 est.) note: data in 2015 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
200.9% (2022 est.) 1,588.5% (2021 est.) 2,355.1% (2020 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Unemployment rate
5.5% (2024 est.) 5.5% (2023 est.) 5.8% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
Labor force
11.136 million (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Public debt
38.9% of GDP (2017 est.) note: data cover central government debt, as well as the debt of state-owned oil company PDVSA; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include some debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; some debt instruments for the social funds are sold at public auctions
Budget
revenues: $30 million (2017 est.) expenditures: $76 million (2017 est.)
Current account balance
-$3.87 billion (2016 est.) -$3.87 billion (2016 est.) -$16.051 billion (2015 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
$83.401 billion (2018 est.) $93.485 billion (2017 est.) $28.684 billion (2016 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports
$18.432 billion (2018 est.) $18.376 billion (2017 est.) $25.81 billion (2016 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$9.794 billion (2017 est.) $10.15 billion (2016 est.) $15.625 billion (2015 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
Internet users
percent of population: 62% (2017 est.)
THE HISTORICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY
Explore the country in detail
Browse the economy, population, resources and infrastructure. These archived descriptions keep their original wording and dates; they have not been updated to describe current conditions.
30 of 30 sections
Location
Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, between Colombia and Guyana
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Capital
name: Caracas geographic coordinates: 10 29 N, 66 52 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: named for the Caracas tribe that originally settled in the area; the origin of their name is unknown
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Economic overview
South American economy; ongoing hyperinflation since mid-2010s; chaotic economy due to political corruption, infrastructure cuts, and human rights abuses; in debt default; oil exporter; hydropower consumer; rising Chinese relations
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural resources
petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold, bauxite, other minerals, hydropower, diamonds
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Agricultural products
milk, sugarcane, maize, rice, plantains, oil palm fruit, bananas, chicken, pineapples, potatoes (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Industries
agricultural products, livestock, raw materials, machinery and equipment, transport equipment, construction materials, medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, iron and steel products, crude oil and petroleum products
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - partners
USA 50%, China 10%, Spain 9%, Brazil 6%, Turkey 5% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - commodities
crude petroleum, petroleum coke, scrap iron, alcohols, fertilizers (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - partners
China 35%, USA 24%, Brazil 12%, Colombia 7%, Turkey 4% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, soybean meal, corn, plastic products, vehicle parts/accessories (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Climate
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Terrain
Andes Mountains and Maracaibo Lowlands in northwest; central plains (llanos); Guiana Highlands in southeast
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Land use
agricultural land: 24.4% (2023 est.) arable land: 2.9% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0.8% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 20.6% (2023 est.) forest: 53.5% (2023 est.) other: 22.1% (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural hazards
subject to floods, rockslides, mudslides; periodic droughts
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Languages
Spanish (official) 98.2%, indigenous 1.3%, Portuguese 0.1%, other 0.4% (2023 est.) major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informaci n b sica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Religions
Roman Catholic 48.1%, Protestant 31.6% (Evangelical 31.4%, Adventist 0.2%), Jehovah's Witness 1.4%, African American/umbanda 0.7%, other 0.1%, believer 3.5%, agnostic 0.1%, atheist, 0.4%, none 13.6%, unspecified 0.6% (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Age structure
0-14 years: 25% (male 3,987,361/female 3,811,307) 15-64 years: 65.9% (male 10,264,353/female 10,330,376) 65 years and over: 9.1% (2024 est.) (male 1,303,737/female 1,553,172)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Urbanization
urban population: 88.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.16% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
2023, 2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 74.5 years (2024 est.) male: 71.5 years female: 77.7 years
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Literacy
total population: 97.2% (2017 est.) male: 97.2% (2017 est.) female: 97.3% (2017 est.)
2017 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 33.493 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 56.493 billion kWh (2023 est.) exports: 600 million kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 25.849 billion kWh (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 21.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 78.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Petroleum
total petroleum production: 801,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 203,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 303.806 billion barrels (2021 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural gas
production: 23.873 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) consumption: 23.873 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) proven reserves: 5.674 trillion cubic meters (2021 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Carbon dioxide emissions
76.73 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 179,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 27.928 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 48.623 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 20.2 million (2024 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 71 (2024 est.)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 2.7 million (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 10 (2022 est.)
2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Airports
509 (2025)
2025 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Railways
total: 447 km (2014) standard gauge: 447 km (2014) 1.435-m gauge (41.4 km electrified)
2014 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Ports
total ports: 31 (2024) large: 1 medium: 2 small: 11 very small: 17 ports with oil terminals: 21 key ports: Amuay (Bahia de Amuay), Bahia de Pertigalete, Ciudad Bolivar, Guanta, La Guaira, La Salina, Las Piedras, Maracaibo, Puerto Cabello, Puerto de Hierro, Puerto la Cruz, Puerto Miranda, Puerto Ordaz, Punta Cardon
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
CURRENCY OBSERVATIONS
Money & exchange rates
The latest verified daily references are separate from the historical country profile. Values are currency units per US$1.
Bolívar Soberano
VES per US$1
Published reference snapshot; its original observation date is preserved.
1 VES = US$0.00114924
809.09–870.14 VES per US$1 across the displayed observations. The vertical scale follows this range.
View dated observations
| Observation date | VES per US$1 |
|---|---|
| Oct 6, 2026 | 870.14 |
| Oct 5, 2026 | 869.05 |
| Oct 3, 2026 | 864.72 |
| Oct 2, 2026 | 863.56 |
| Oct 1, 2026 | 859.45 |
| Sep 30, 2026 | 856.87 |
| Sep 29, 2026 | 856.52 |
| Sep 28, 2026 | 855.51 |
| Sep 26, 2026 | 854.31 |
| Sep 25, 2026 | 854.14 |
| Sep 24, 2026 | 853.86 |
| Sep 23, 2026 | 851.41 |
| Sep 22, 2026 | 850.52 |
| Sep 21, 2026 | 849.38 |
| Sep 19, 2026 | 845.29 |
| Sep 18, 2026 | 845.08 |
| Sep 17, 2026 | 844.64 |
| Sep 16, 2026 | 841.56 |
| Sep 15, 2026 | 835.98 |
| Sep 14, 2026 | 834.04 |
| Sep 11, 2026 | 829.85 |
| Sep 10, 2026 | 824.74 |
| Sep 9, 2026 | 819.03 |
| Sep 8, 2026 | 812.1 |
| Sep 7, 2026 | 809.09 |
Bolívar Soberano
No verified daily quote available
No rate has been estimated. Currency recognition and rate availability are separate.
Daily references are not live execution prices. A check time does not change a source observation date.
CAPITAL MARKETS
Stock exchanges
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Research directories have their own coverage. A link is not a claim that every entity has an IMF report or a separate national statistical office.
SOURCES & DATES
Where the facts come from.
Editorial presentation by American Business Capital Group Inc. The organizations and archive links below are the underlying sources.
- Country reference
- CIA World Factbook · 2025 archive
- Archive retrieved
- Oct 6, 2026 · retrieval date, not an observation period
- Currency associations
- SIX / ISO 4217 currency registry ↗
- Rate observations
- Frankfurter / official reference providers ↗ · each observation is dated separately
- State classification
- UN member states ↗ · UN observer states ↗
- UN membership is shown separately from territory and currency coverage; inclusion is not a position on sovereignty or boundaries.
- CIA World Factbook text preserved by World Factbook Archive. Archive edition 2025; individual estimates retain their own dates. These are historical reference facts, not current observations.
About the editions. The CIA announced the end of its online World Factbook on February 4, 2026. Our historical profiles retain the archive editions shown above.
Skyhorse lists The CIA World Factbook 2026–2027, published April 7, 2026 (ISBN 9781510786042). That book’s full text has not been incorporated here; its edition title does not redate the imported archive. Archive distribution license.
Geography is a simplified reference. Displayed boundaries and entity inclusion do not express a position on sovereignty or disputed borders.