LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN · COUNTRY REFERENCE
Ecuador
Written and compiled by American Business Capital Group Inc.
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ANNUAL ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT
Population & economic scale
The most recent non-empty observations returned by the World Bank when this snapshot was collected. Read the year on each card: these are annual statistics, not live measurements.
World Bank reporting entity: Ecuador · 3 of 3 indicators available.
Population
18,289,896
people
observation
Definition, value & source
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
Received value: 18289896 people. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wpp/, publisher: UN Population Division; Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices, National Statistical Offices (NSOs), uri: https://unstats.un.org/home/nso_sites/, publisher: National Statistical Offices; Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, Eurostat (ESTAT), uri: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database?node_code=earn_ses_monthly, publisher: Eurostat; Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), United Nations (UN), uri: https://unstats.un.org, publisher: UN Statistics Division
GDP
$130.32 billion
current US$
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 130320560400 current US$. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP per capita
$7,125
current US$ per person
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate.This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 7125.27618527738 current US$ per person. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP and GDP per capita use current US dollars, without an inflation or purchasing-power-parity adjustment. Source years can differ. Missing data is not zero; earlier archive figures below are retained as a separate historical reference.
THE REFERENCE FILE
Ecuador at a glance
These are historical reference facts from the 2025 World Factbook archive. Each estimate keeps its own period; an archive edition does not make every figure a measurement from that year.
Population
total: 18,479,841 (2025 est.) male: 9,097,614 female: 9,382,227
Area
total : 283,561 sq km land: 276,841 sq km water: 6,720 sq km note: includes Galapagos Islands
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$252.728 billion (2024 est.) $257.889 billion (2023 est.) $252.861 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)
$124.676 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Real GDP growth rate
-2% (2024 est.) 2% (2023 est.) 5.9% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP per capita
$13,900 (2024 est.) $14,300 (2023 est.) $14,200 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
1.5% (2024 est.) 2.2% (2023 est.) 3.5% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Unemployment rate
4.8% (2024 est.) 3.6% (2023 est.) 3.8% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
Labor force
8.821 million (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Budget
revenues: $35.962 billion (2022 est.) expenditures: $35.969 billion (2022 est.) note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Current account balance
$7.082 billion (2024 est.) $2.217 billion (2023 est.) $2.136 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
$38.468 billion (2024 est.) $35.687 billion (2023 est.) $36.588 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports
$33.97 billion (2024 est.) $35.421 billion (2023 est.) $36.644 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$6.908 billion (2024 est.) $4.442 billion (2023 est.) $8.459 billion (2022 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Debt - external
$39.658 billion (2023 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
Internet users
percent of population: 77% (2024 est.) according to 2021 statistics from Ecuador's Ministry of Telecommunications and Information Society, 50% of homes do not have access to fixed internet
THE HISTORICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY
Explore the country in detail
Browse the economy, population, resources and infrastructure. These archived descriptions keep their original wording and dates; they have not been updated to describe current conditions.
32 of 32 sections
Location
Western South America, bordering the Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between Colombia and Peru
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Capital
name: Quito geographic coordinates: 0 13 S, 78 30 W time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time) time zone note: Ecuador has two time zones, including the Galapagos Islands (UTC-6) etymology: named after the Quitu, a Pre-Columbian people who lived in the area; the meaning of their name is unknown
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Economic overview
highly informal South American economy; USD currency user; major banana exporter; hard hit by COVID-19; macroeconomic fragility from oil dependency; successful debt restructuring; China funding budget deficits; social unrest hampering economic activity
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural resources
petroleum, fish, timber, hydropower
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Agricultural products
bananas, sugarcane, milk, oil palm fruit, maize, rice, plantains, chicken, pineapples, cocoa beans (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Industries
petroleum, food processing, textiles, wood products, chemicals
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - partners
USA 22%, China 21%, Panama 12%, Japan 3%, Peru 3% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - commodities
crude petroleum, shellfish, bananas, fish, gold (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - partners
USA 27%, China 20%, Colombia 7%, Brazil 4%, Peru 4% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, coal tar oil, cars, packaged medicine, plastics (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Climate
tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Terrain
coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente)
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Land use
agricultural land: 21.5% (2023 est.) arable land: 4.1% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 5.6% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 11.8% (2023 est.) forest: 49.8% (2023 est.) other: 28.6% (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural hazards
frequent earthquakes; landslides; volcanic activity; floods; periodic droughts volcanism: volcanic activity concentrated along the Andes Mountains; Sangay (5,230 m) is mainland Ecuador's most active volcano; other historically active volcanoes in the Andes include Antisana, Cayambe, Chacana, Cotopaxi, Guagua Pichincha, Reventador, Sumaco, and Tungurahua; Fernandina (1,476 m), a shield volcano, is the most active of the many Galapagos volcanoes; other historically active Galapagos volcanoes include Wolf, Sierra Negra, Cerro Azul, Pinta, Marchena, and Santiago
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Languages
Spanish (Castilian; official) 98.6%, indigenous 3.9% (Quechua 3.2%, other indigenous 0.7%), foreign 2.8%, other 0.6% (includes Ecuadorian sign language) (2022 est.) major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informaci n b sica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. note 1: shares sum to more than 100% because some respondents gave more than one answer on the census note 2: Quechua and Shuar are official languages of intercultural relations; other indigenous languages are in official use by indigenous peoples in the areas they inhabit
2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Religions
Roman Catholic 68.2%, Protestant 19% (Evangelical 18.3%, Adventist 0.6%, other Protestant 0.2%), Jehovah's Witness 1.4%, other 2.3%, none 8.2% don't know/no response 1% (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Age structure
0-14 years: 26.8% (male 2,505,729/female 2,395,198) 15-64 years: 64.1% (male 5,771,234/female 5,972,938) 65 years and over: 9.1% (2024 est.) (male 746,207/female 918,678)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Urbanization
urban population: 64.8% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
2023, 2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 74.9 years (2024 est.) male: 69.7 years female: 80.4 years
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Literacy
total population: 96.3% (2022 est.) male: 96.8% (2022 est.) female: 95.7% (2022 est.)
2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 8.438 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 29.305 billion kWh (2023 est.) exports: 192 million kWh (2023 est.) imports: 466 million kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 5.119 billion kWh (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 23.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) wind: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 75.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 1.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Petroleum
total petroleum production: 480,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 272,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 8.273 billion barrels (2021 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural gas
production: 271.053 million cubic meters (2023 est.) consumption: 271.053 million cubic meters (2023 est.) proven reserves: 10.902 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Carbon dioxide emissions
38.286 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 39,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 37.711 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 536,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 18.4 million (2024 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 102 (2024 est.)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 2.89 million (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 16 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Airports
317 (2025)
2025 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Railways
total: 965 km (2022) narrow gauge: 965 km (2022) 1.067-m gauge note: passenger service limited to certain sections of track, mostly for tourist trains
2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Ports
total ports: 6 (2024) large: 0 medium: 0 small: 2 very small: 4 ports with oil terminals: 5 key ports: Esmeraldas, Guayaquil, La Libertad, Manta, Puerto Bolivar, Puerto Maritimo de Guayaquil
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 9.5% (2024 est.) industry: 26.5% (2024 est.) services: 57.2% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Remittances
5.2% of GDP (2024 est.) 4.5% of GDP (2023 est.) 4.1% of GDP (2022 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
2024, 2023, 2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
CURRENCY OBSERVATIONS
Money & exchange rates
The latest verified daily references are separate from the historical country profile. Values are currency units per US$1.
US Dollar
USD per US$1
Daily references are not live execution prices. A check time does not change a source observation date.
CAPITAL MARKETS
Stock exchanges
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SOURCES & DATES
Where the facts come from.
Editorial presentation by American Business Capital Group Inc. The organizations and archive links below are the underlying sources.
- Country reference
- CIA World Factbook · 2025 archive
- Archive retrieved
- Oct 6, 2026 · retrieval date, not an observation period
- Currency associations
- SIX / ISO 4217 currency registry ↗
- Rate observations
- Frankfurter / official reference providers ↗ · each observation is dated separately
- State classification
- UN member states ↗ · UN observer states ↗
- UN membership is shown separately from territory and currency coverage; inclusion is not a position on sovereignty or boundaries.
- CIA World Factbook text preserved by World Factbook Archive. Archive edition 2025; individual estimates retain their own dates. These are historical reference facts, not current observations.
About the editions. The CIA announced the end of its online World Factbook on February 4, 2026. Our historical profiles retain the archive editions shown above.
Skyhorse lists The CIA World Factbook 2026–2027, published April 7, 2026 (ISBN 9781510786042). That book’s full text has not been incorporated here; its edition title does not redate the imported archive. Archive distribution license.
Geography is a simplified reference. Displayed boundaries and entity inclusion do not express a position on sovereignty or disputed borders.