LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN · COUNTRY REFERENCE
Cuba
Written and compiled by American Business Capital Group Inc.
Selected country or entityMap: Natural Earth ↗
ANNUAL ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT
Population & economic scale
The most recent non-empty observations returned by the World Bank when this snapshot was collected. Read the year on each card: these are annual statistics, not live measurements.
World Bank reporting entity: Cuba · 3 of 3 indicators available.
Population
10,937,203
people
observation
Definition, value & source
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
Received value: 10937203 people. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wpp/, publisher: UN Population Division; Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices, National Statistical Offices (NSOs), uri: https://unstats.un.org/home/nso_sites/, publisher: National Statistical Offices; Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, Eurostat (ESTAT), uri: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database?node_code=earn_ses_monthly, publisher: Eurostat; Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), United Nations (UN), uri: https://unstats.un.org, publisher: UN Statistics Division
GDP
$107.35 billion
current US$
observation · older available record
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 107352000000 current US$. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP per capita
$9,605
current US$ per person
observation · older available record
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate.This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 9605.27914559614 current US$ per person. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP and GDP per capita use current US dollars, without an inflation or purchasing-power-parity adjustment. Source years can differ. Missing data is not zero; earlier archive figures below are retained as a separate historical reference.
THE REFERENCE FILE
Cuba at a glance
These are historical reference facts from the 2025 World Factbook archive. Each estimate keeps its own period; an archive edition does not make every figure a measurement from that year.
Population
total: 10,059,519 (2025 est.) male: 4,950,615 female: 5,108,904
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$81.165 billion (2024 est.) $81.985 billion (2023 est.) $83.597 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2015 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)
$259.781 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Real GDP growth rate
-1.9% (2023 est.) 1.8% (2022 est.) 1.3% (2021 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP per capita
$23,700 (2024 est.) $18,300 (2023 est.) $13,300 (2022 est.) note: data in 2015 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
76.1% (2022 est.) 151.9% (2021 est.) 11.9% (2020 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Unemployment rate
1.6% (2024 est.) 1.8% (2023 est.) 1.9% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
Labor force
4.859 million (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Budget
revenues: $54.52 billion (2017 est.) expenditures: $64.64 billion (2017 est.)
Exports
$8.768 billion (2020 est.) $12.632 billion (2019 est.) $14.53 billion (2018 est.) note: GDP expenditure basis - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports
$8.067 billion (2020 est.) $10.971 billion (2019 est.) $12.567 billion (2018 est.) note: GDP expenditure basis - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
Internet users
percent of population: 71% (2023 est.) note: private citizens are prohibited from buying computers or accessing the Internet without special authorization; foreigners may access the Internet in large hotels but are subject to firewalls; some Cubans buy illegal passwords on the black market or take advantage of public outlets to access limited email and the government-controlled "intranet"; issues relating to COVID-19 impact research into internet adoption, so actual internet user figures may be different than published numbers suggest
THE HISTORICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY
Explore the country in detail
Browse the economy, population, resources and infrastructure. These archived descriptions keep their original wording and dates; they have not been updated to describe current conditions.
31 of 31 sections
Location
Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, 150 km south of Key West, Florida
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Capital
name: Havana geographic coordinates: 23 07 N, 82 21 W time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November; note - Cuba has been known to alter the schedule of DST on short notice in an attempt to conserve electricity for lighting etymology: Spanish soldier Diego VELAZQUEZ named the city San Cristobal de la Habana, or Saint Christopher of the Habana; "Habana" may have been the name of a local ethnic group, but the meaning of the word is unknown
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Economic overview
still largely state-run planned economy, although privatization increasing under new constitution; widespread protests due to lack of basic necessities and electricity; massive foreign investment increases recently; known tobacco exporter; unique oil-for-doctors relationship with Venezuela; widespread corruption
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural resources
cobalt, nickel, iron ore, chromium, copper, salt, timber, silica, petroleum, arable land
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Agricultural products
sugarcane, cassava, plantains, vegetables, mangoes/guavas, milk, tomatoes, pumpkins/squash, sweet potatoes, bananas (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Industries
petroleum, nickel, cobalt, pharmaceuticals, tobacco, construction, steel, cement, agricultural machinery, sugar
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - partners
China 34%, Spain 12%, Germany 6%, Switzerland 5%, Hong Kong 4% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - commodities
tobacco, nickel, liquor, zinc ore, precious metal ore (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - partners
Spain 24%, China 13%, Netherlands 10%, USA 9%, Canada 6% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - commodities
beer, poultry, rice, plastic products, soybean oil (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Climate
tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to April); rainy season (May to October)
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Terrain
mostly flat to rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Land use
agricultural land: 61.7% (2023 est.) arable land: 28% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 6.3% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 27.4% (2023 est.) forest: 34.9% (2023 est.) other: 3.5% (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural hazards
the east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to November (in general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year); droughts are common
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Languages
Spanish (official) major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informaci n b sica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Religions
Christian 58.9%, folk religion 17.6%, Buddhist 1%, Hindu 1%, Jewish 1%, Muslim 1%, other 1%, none 23.2% (2020 est.) note: folk religions include religions of African origin, spiritualism, and others intermingled with Catholicism or Protestantism; data is estimative because no authoritative source on religious affiliation exists for Cuba
2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Age structure
0-14 years: 16.3% (male 918,066/female 866,578) 15-64 years: 66.5% (male 3,670,531/female 3,623,658) 65 years and over: 17.2% (2024 est.) (male 852,910/female 1,034,295)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Urbanization
urban population: 77.5% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.19% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
2023, 2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 80.1 years (2024 est.) male: 77.8 years female: 82.6 years
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Literacy
total population: 97.7% (2019 est.) male: 99% (2019 est.) female: 96.3% (2019 est.)
2019 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 7.264 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 11.951 billion kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 3.352 billion kWh (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 95.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 1.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) wind: 0.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 0.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 2.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Petroleum
total petroleum production: 34,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 118,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 124 million barrels (2021 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural gas
production: 850.133 million cubic meters (2023 est.) consumption: 850.133 million cubic meters (2023 est.) proven reserves: 70.792 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Carbon dioxide emissions
19.716 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 16,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 18.12 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 1.58 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 8.01 million (2024 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 73 (2024 est.)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 327,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 3 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Airports
120 (2025)
2025 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Railways
total: 8,367 km (2017) standard gauge: 8,195 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge (124 km electrified) narrow gauge: 172 km (2017) 1.000-m gauge note: As of 2013, 70 km of standard gauge and 12 km of narrow gauge track were not for public use
2017, 2013 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Ports
total ports: 34 (2024) large: 6 medium: 3 small: 10 very small: 6 size unknown: 9 ports with oil terminals: 14 key ports: Antilla, Bahai de la Habana, Bahia de Sagua de Tanamo, Cabanas, Casilda, Cienfuegos, Nuevitas Bay, Puerto Guantanamo, Santiago de Cuba
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 1.3% (2023 est.) industry: 27.5% (2023 est.) services: 70% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
CURRENCY OBSERVATIONS
Money & exchange rates
The latest verified daily references are separate from the historical country profile. Values are currency units per US$1.
Cuban Peso
CUP per US$1
Published reference snapshot; its original observation date is preserved.
1 CUP = US$0.04166667
24–24 CUP per US$1 across the displayed observations. The vertical scale follows this range.
View dated observations
| Observation date | CUP per US$1 |
|---|---|
| Oct 6, 2026 | 24 |
| Oct 5, 2026 | 24 |
| Oct 4, 2026 | 24 |
| Oct 3, 2026 | 24 |
| Oct 2, 2026 | 24 |
| Oct 1, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 30, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 29, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 28, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 27, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 26, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 25, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 24, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 23, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 22, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 21, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 20, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 19, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 18, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 17, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 16, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 15, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 14, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 13, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 11, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 10, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 9, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 8, 2026 | 24 |
| Sep 7, 2026 | 24 |
Daily references are not live execution prices. A check time does not change a source observation date.
CAPITAL MARKETS
Stock exchanges
No venue from our curated stock exchange directory is listed for this entity.
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Official data & country reports
Research directories have their own coverage. A link is not a claim that every entity has an IMF report or a separate national statistical office.
SOURCES & DATES
Where the facts come from.
Editorial presentation by American Business Capital Group Inc. The organizations and archive links below are the underlying sources.
- Country reference
- CIA World Factbook · 2025 archive
- Archive retrieved
- Oct 6, 2026 · retrieval date, not an observation period
- Currency associations
- SIX / ISO 4217 currency registry ↗
- Rate observations
- Frankfurter / official reference providers ↗ · each observation is dated separately
- State classification
- UN member states ↗ · UN observer states ↗
- UN membership is shown separately from territory and currency coverage; inclusion is not a position on sovereignty or boundaries.
- CIA World Factbook text preserved by World Factbook Archive. Archive edition 2025; individual estimates retain their own dates. These are historical reference facts, not current observations.
About the editions. The CIA announced the end of its online World Factbook on February 4, 2026. Our historical profiles retain the archive editions shown above.
Skyhorse lists The CIA World Factbook 2026–2027, published April 7, 2026 (ISBN 9781510786042). That book’s full text has not been incorporated here; its edition title does not redate the imported archive. Archive distribution license.
Geography is a simplified reference. Displayed boundaries and entity inclusion do not express a position on sovereignty or disputed borders.