LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN · COUNTRY REFERENCE
Colombia
Written and compiled by American Business Capital Group Inc.
Selected country or entityMap: Natural Earth ↗
ANNUAL ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT
Population & economic scale
The most recent non-empty observations returned by the World Bank when this snapshot was collected. Read the year on each card: these are annual statistics, not live measurements.
World Bank reporting entity: Colombia · 3 of 3 indicators available.
Population
53,425,635
people
observation
Definition, value & source
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
Received value: 53425635 people. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wpp/, publisher: UN Population Division; Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices, National Statistical Offices (NSOs), uri: https://unstats.un.org/home/nso_sites/, publisher: National Statistical Offices; Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, Eurostat (ESTAT), uri: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database?node_code=earn_ses_monthly, publisher: Eurostat; Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), United Nations (UN), uri: https://unstats.un.org, publisher: UN Statistics Division
GDP
$457.41 billion
current US$
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 457410034202.523 current US$. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP per capita
$8,562
current US$ per person
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate.This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 8561.62091854449 current US$ per person. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP and GDP per capita use current US dollars, without an inflation or purchasing-power-parity adjustment. Source years can differ. Missing data is not zero; earlier archive figures below are retained as a separate historical reference.
THE REFERENCE FILE
Colombia at a glance
These are historical reference facts from the 2025 World Factbook archive. Each estimate keeps its own period; an archive edition does not make every figure a measurement from that year.
Population
total: 49,842,298 (2025 est.) male: 24,320,959 female: 25,521,339
Area
total : 1,138,910 sq km land: 1,038,700 sq km water: 100,210 sq km note: includes Isla de Malpelo, Roncador Cay, and Serrana Bank
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$978.592 billion (2024 est.) $961.82 billion (2023 est.) $955.016 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)
$418.542 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Real GDP growth rate
1.7% (2024 est.) 0.7% (2023 est.) 7.3% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP per capita
$18,500 (2024 est.) $18,400 (2023 est.) $18,500 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
6.6% (2024 est.) 11.7% (2023 est.) 10.2% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Unemployment rate
9.7% (2024 est.) 9.6% (2023 est.) 10.6% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
Labor force
26.822 million (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Public debt
71.3% of GDP (2023 est.) note: central government debt as a % of GDP
Budget
revenues: $116.49 billion (2023 est.) expenditures: $123.966 billion (2023 est.) note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Current account balance
-$7.412 billion (2024 est.) -$8.285 billion (2023 est.) -$20.879 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
$68.866 billion (2024 est.) $68.674 billion (2023 est.) $73.514 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports
$78.633 billion (2024 est.) $76.449 billion (2023 est.) $89.608 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$61.898 billion (2024 est.) $59.041 billion (2023 est.) $56.704 billion (2022 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Debt - external
$108.027 billion (2023 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
Internet users
percent of population: 77% (2023 est.)
THE HISTORICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY
Explore the country in detail
Browse the economy, population, resources and infrastructure. These archived descriptions keep their original wording and dates; they have not been updated to describe current conditions.
32 of 32 sections
Location
Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Panama and Venezuela, and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Ecuador and Panama
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Capital
name: Bogot geographic coordinates: 4 36 N, 74 05 W time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: originally named Santa Fe de Bacat in 1538, after the Chibcha people's nearby settlement of Bacat ; the name was later corrupted to Bogot
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Economic overview
prior to COVID-19, one of the most consistent growth economies; declining poverty; large stimulus package has mitigated economic fallout, but delayed key infrastructure investments; successful inflation management; sound flexible exchange rate regime; domestic economy suffers from lack of trade integration and infrastructure
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural resources
petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds, hydropower
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Agricultural products
sugarcane, oil palm fruit, milk, rice, plantains, potatoes, bananas, maize, chicken, avocados (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Industries
textiles, food processing, oil, clothing and footwear, beverages, chemicals, cement; gold, coal, emeralds
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - partners
USA 27%, Panama 9%, India 5%, China 5%, Netherlands 4% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - commodities
crude petroleum, coal, gold, coffee, refined petroleum (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - partners
USA 26%, China 22%, Brazil 6%, Mexico 5%, Germany 4% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, cars, broadcasting equipment, aircraft, packaged medicine (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Climate
tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Terrain
flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains, eastern lowland plains (Llanos)
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Land use
agricultural land: 36.5% (2023 est.) arable land: 2.3% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 2.2% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 32% (2023 est.) forest: 53.8% (2023 est.) other: 9.7% (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural hazards
highlands subject to volcanic eruptions; occasional earthquakes; periodic droughts volcanism: Galeras (4,276 m) is one of Colombia's most active volcanoes; it has been deemed a Decade Volcano by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; Nevado del Ruiz (5,321 m), 129 km (80 mi) west of Bogota, erupted in 1985, producing lahars (mudflows) that killed 23,000 people; the volcano last erupted in 1991; after 500 years of dormancy, Nevado del Huila reawakened in 2007 and has experienced frequent eruptions since then; other historically active volcanoes include Cumbal, Dona Juana, Nevado del Tolima, and Purace
1985, 1991, 2007 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Languages
Spanish (official) 98.9%, indigenous 1%, Portuguese 0.1%; 65 indigenous languages exist (2023 est.) major-language sample(s): La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de informaci n b sica. (Spanish) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Religions
Roman Catholic 63.6%, Protestant 17.2% (Evangelical 16.7%, Adventist 0.3%, other Protestant 0.2%), Jehovah's Witness 0.6%, Church of Jesus Christ 0.1%, other 0.3%, believer, 0.2%. agnostic 1%, atheist 1%, none 14.2%, unspecified 1.8% (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Age structure
0-14 years: 22.3% (male 5,643,995/female 5,394,147) 15-64 years: 66.5% (male 16,127,377/female 16,859,161) 65 years and over: 11.2% (2024 est.) (male 2,434,999/female 3,128,678)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Urbanization
urban population: 82.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.01% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
2023, 2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 74.9 years (2024 est.) male: 71.3 years female: 78.7 years
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Literacy
total population: 95.3% (2024 est.) male: 95% (2024 est.) female: 95.7% (2024 est.)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 21.053 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 82.309 billion kWh (2023 est.) exports: 1.293 billion kWh (2023 est.) imports: 407.788 million kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 7.232 billion kWh (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 34% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 1.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) wind: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 62.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 2.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Petroleum
total petroleum production: 800,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 374,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 2.036 billion barrels (2021 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural gas
production: 10.927 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) consumption: 11.885 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) imports: 958.724 million cubic meters (2023 est.) proven reserves: 87.782 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Carbon dioxide emissions
85.878 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 15.463 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 49.727 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 20.688 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 92.1 million (2024 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 174 (2024 est.)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 8.91 million (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Airports
661 (2025)
2025 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Railways
total: 2,141 km (2019) standard gauge: 150 km (2019) 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 1,991 km (2019) 0.914-m gauge
2019 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Ports
total ports: 14 (2024) large: 0 medium: 2 small: 8 very small: 3 size unknown: 1 ports with oil terminals: 10 key ports: Barranquilla, Buenaventura, Cartagena, Covenas, El Bosque, Mamonal, Pozos Colorados, Puerto Bolivar, Puerto Prodeco, Santa Marta
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 9.3% (2024 est.) industry: 23.1% (2024 est.) services: 58.2% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Remittances
2.8% of GDP (2024 est.) 2.8% of GDP (2023 est.) 2.7% of GDP (2022 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
2024, 2023, 2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
CURRENCY OBSERVATIONS
Money & exchange rates
The latest verified daily references are separate from the historical country profile. Values are currency units per US$1.
Colombian Peso
COP per US$1
Published reference snapshot; its original observation date is preserved.
1 COP = US$0.0003106265
3,085.34–3,350.12 COP per US$1 across the displayed observations. The vertical scale follows this range.
View dated observations
| Observation date | COP per US$1 |
|---|---|
| Oct 6, 2026 | 3,219.3 |
| Oct 5, 2026 | 3,257.18 |
| Oct 4, 2026 | 3,295.16 |
| Oct 3, 2026 | 3,300.33 |
| Oct 2, 2026 | 3,307.69 |
| Oct 1, 2026 | 3,317.65 |
| Sep 30, 2026 | 3,332.02 |
| Sep 29, 2026 | 3,350.12 |
| Sep 28, 2026 | 3,310.56 |
| Sep 27, 2026 | 3,308.78 |
| Sep 26, 2026 | 3,305.09 |
| Sep 25, 2026 | 3,307.62 |
| Sep 24, 2026 | 3,289.35 |
| Sep 23, 2026 | 3,227.34 |
| Sep 22, 2026 | 3,197.95 |
| Sep 21, 2026 | 3,187.68 |
| Sep 20, 2026 | 3,176.54 |
| Sep 19, 2026 | 3,167.69 |
| Sep 18, 2026 | 3,163.12 |
| Sep 17, 2026 | 3,140.87 |
| Sep 16, 2026 | 3,111.18 |
| Sep 15, 2026 | 3,105.24 |
| Sep 14, 2026 | 3,093.93 |
| Sep 13, 2026 | 3,085.34 |
| Sep 12, 2026 | 3,090.36 |
| Sep 11, 2026 | 3,093.59 |
| Sep 10, 2026 | 3,100.98 |
| Sep 9, 2026 | 3,107.02 |
| Sep 8, 2026 | 3,121.9 |
| Sep 7, 2026 | 3,125.87 |
Daily references are not live execution prices. A check time does not change a source observation date.
CAPITAL MARKETS
Stock exchanges
Exchange directory coverage is curated and does not establish that an entity has no other trading venues.
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Official data & country reports
Research directories have their own coverage. A link is not a claim that every entity has an IMF report or a separate national statistical office.
SOURCES & DATES
Where the facts come from.
Editorial presentation by American Business Capital Group Inc. The organizations and archive links below are the underlying sources.
- Country reference
- CIA World Factbook · 2025 archive
- Archive retrieved
- Oct 6, 2026 · retrieval date, not an observation period
- Currency associations
- SIX / ISO 4217 currency registry ↗
- Rate observations
- Frankfurter / official reference providers ↗ · each observation is dated separately
- State classification
- UN member states ↗ · UN observer states ↗
- UN membership is shown separately from territory and currency coverage; inclusion is not a position on sovereignty or boundaries.
- CIA World Factbook text preserved by World Factbook Archive. Archive edition 2025; individual estimates retain their own dates. These are historical reference facts, not current observations.
About the editions. The CIA announced the end of its online World Factbook on February 4, 2026. Our historical profiles retain the archive editions shown above.
Skyhorse lists The CIA World Factbook 2026–2027, published April 7, 2026 (ISBN 9781510786042). That book’s full text has not been incorporated here; its edition title does not redate the imported archive. Archive distribution license.
Geography is a simplified reference. Displayed boundaries and entity inclusion do not express a position on sovereignty or disputed borders.