NORTH AMERICA · COUNTRY REFERENCE
Greenland
Written and compiled by American Business Capital Group Inc.
Selected country or entityMap: Natural Earth ↗
ANNUAL ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT
Population & economic scale
The most recent non-empty observations returned by the World Bank when this snapshot was collected. Read the year on each card: these are annual statistics, not live measurements.
World Bank reporting entity: Greenland · 3 of 3 indicators available.
Population
56,831
people
observation
Definition, value & source
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
Received value: 56831 people. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wpp/, publisher: UN Population Division; Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices, National Statistical Offices (NSOs), uri: https://unstats.un.org/home/nso_sites/, publisher: National Statistical Offices; Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, Eurostat (ESTAT), uri: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database?node_code=earn_ses_monthly, publisher: Eurostat; Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), United Nations (UN), uri: https://unstats.un.org, publisher: UN Statistics Division
GDP
$3.33 billion
current US$
observation · older available record
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 3326543974.39193 current US$. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP per capita
$58,499
current US$ per person
observation · older available record
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate.This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 58498.9707973609 current US$ per person. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP and GDP per capita use current US dollars, without an inflation or purchasing-power-parity adjustment. Source years can differ. Missing data is not zero; earlier archive figures below are retained as a separate historical reference.
THE REFERENCE FILE
Greenland at a glance
These are historical reference facts from the 2025 World Factbook archive. Each estimate keeps its own period; an archive edition does not make every figure a measurement from that year.
Government type
parliamentary democracy (Parliament of Greenland or Inatsisartut)
Population
total: 57,751 (2024 est.) male: 29,843 female: 27,908
Area
total : 2,166,086 sq km land: 2,166,086 sq km (approximately 1,710,000 sq km ice-covered)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$4.04 billion (2023 est.) $4.005 billion (2022 est.) $3.926 billion (2021 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)
$3.327 billion (2023 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Real GDP growth rate
0.9% (2023 est.) 2% (2022 est.) 1.6% (2021 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP per capita
$71,000 (2023 est.) $70,700 (2022 est.) $69,300 (2021 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
1.2% (2022 est.) 0% (2021 est.) 2.1% (2020 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Budget
revenues: $1.719 billion (2016 est.) expenditures: $1.594 billion (2016 est.)
Exports
$1.357 billion (2023 est.) $1.286 billion (2022 est.) $1.122 billion (2021 est.) note: GDP expenditure basis - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports
$1.7 billion (2023 est.) $1.657 billion (2022 est.) $1.635 billion (2021 est.) note: GDP expenditure basis - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
Internet users
percent of population: 70% (2017 est.)
THE HISTORICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY
Explore the country in detail
Browse the economy, population, resources and infrastructure. These archived descriptions keep their original wording and dates; they have not been updated to describe current conditions.
28 of 28 sections
Location
Northern North America, island between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Capital
name: Nuuk geographic coordinates: 64 11 N, 51 45 W time difference: UTC-2 (3 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October time zone note: Greenland has three time zones etymology: nuuk is the Inuit word for "cape;" until 1979, the name was Godthab, from the Danish words meaning "good hope"
1979 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Economic overview
high-income, self-governing Danish territorial economy; non-EU member but preferential market access; dependent on Danish financial support; exports led by fishing industry; growing tourism and interest in untapped mineral deposits; relies on hydropower for fuel
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural resources
coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, molybdenum, diamonds, gold, platinum, niobium, tantalite, uranium, fish, seals, whales, hydropower, possible oil and gas
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Agricultural products
sheep, cattle, reindeer, fish, shellfish
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Industries
fish processing (mainly shrimp and Greenland halibut), anorthosite and ruby mining, handicrafts, hides and skins, small shipyards
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - partners
Denmark 50%, China 23%, UK 5%, Japan 5%, Germany 3% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - commodities
fish, shellfish, processed crustaceans, ships, precious stones (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - partners
Denmark 58%, Sweden 19%, Spain 8%, Iceland 7%, Canada 2% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, ships, garments, plastic products, furniture (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Climate
arctic to subarctic; cool summers, cold winters
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Terrain
flat to gradually sloping icecap covers all but a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Land use
agricultural land: 0.6% (2023 est.) arable land: 0% (2022 est.) permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.) permanent pasture: 0.6% (2023 est.) forest: 0% (2023 est.) other: 99.4% (2023 est.)
2023, 2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural hazards
continuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Languages
Greenlandic, Danish, English note: West Greenlandic or Kalaallisut is the official language; Tunumiisut (East Greenlandic) and Inuktun (Polar Inuit Greenlandic) are considered dialects of Kalaallisut and spoken by about 10% of Greenlanders
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Religions
Evangelical Lutheran, traditional Inuit spiritual beliefs
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Age structure
0-14 years: 20.4% (male 5,964/female 5,798) 15-64 years: 67.1% (male 20,050/female 18,711) 65 years and over: 12.5% (2024 est.) (male 3,829/female 3,399)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Urbanization
urban population: 87.9% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.41% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
2023, 2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 74.5 years (2024 est.) male: 71.8 years female: 77.3 years
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 190,000 kW (2023 est.) consumption: 534.5 million kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 10 million kWh (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 13.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 85.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 0.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Petroleum
refined petroleum consumption: 4,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Carbon dioxide emissions
527,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 12 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 527,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 67,000 (2021 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 118 (2021 est.)
2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 18,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 32 (2022 est.)
2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Airports
25 (2025)
2025 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Ports
total ports: 23 (2024) large: 0 medium: 0 small: 7 very small: 10 size unknown: 6 ports with oil terminals: 5 key ports: Aasiaat, Illulissat (Jakobshavn), Kusanartoq, Nuuk, Paamuit (Frederikshab), Qeqertarsuaq, Sisimiut
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 16.6% (2023 est.) industry: 18.4% (2023 est.) services: 61% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
CURRENCY OBSERVATIONS
Money & exchange rates
The latest verified daily references are separate from the historical country profile. Values are currency units per US$1.
Danish Krone
DKK per US$1
Published reference snapshot; its original observation date is preserved.
1 DKK = US$0.1502065
6.4249–6.6594 DKK per US$1 across the displayed observations. The vertical scale follows this range.
View dated observations
| Observation date | DKK per US$1 |
|---|---|
| Oct 6, 2026 | 6.6575 |
| Oct 5, 2026 | 6.6594 |
| Oct 4, 2026 | 6.6412 |
| Oct 3, 2026 | 6.6378 |
| Oct 2, 2026 | 6.6324 |
| Oct 1, 2026 | 6.6053 |
| Sep 30, 2026 | 6.5861 |
| Sep 29, 2026 | 6.5796 |
| Sep 28, 2026 | 6.5634 |
| Sep 27, 2026 | 6.5613 |
| Sep 26, 2026 | 6.5624 |
| Sep 25, 2026 | 6.5641 |
| Sep 24, 2026 | 6.5623 |
| Sep 23, 2026 | 6.5397 |
| Sep 22, 2026 | 6.5191 |
| Sep 21, 2026 | 6.5119 |
| Sep 20, 2026 | 6.5141 |
| Sep 19, 2026 | 6.5142 |
| Sep 18, 2026 | 6.5126 |
| Sep 17, 2026 | 6.5009 |
| Sep 16, 2026 | 6.4777 |
| Sep 15, 2026 | 6.4758 |
| Sep 14, 2026 | 6.4613 |
| Sep 13, 2026 | 6.4399 |
| Sep 12, 2026 | 6.4383 |
| Sep 11, 2026 | 6.4361 |
| Sep 10, 2026 | 6.4269 |
| Sep 9, 2026 | 6.4249 |
| Sep 8, 2026 | 6.4321 |
| Sep 7, 2026 | 6.4323 |
Daily references are not live execution prices. A check time does not change a source observation date.
CAPITAL MARKETS
Stock exchanges
No venue from our curated stock exchange directory is listed for this entity.
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Official data & country reports
Research directories have their own coverage. A link is not a claim that every entity has an IMF report or a separate national statistical office.
SOURCES & DATES
Where the facts come from.
Editorial presentation by American Business Capital Group Inc. The organizations and archive links below are the underlying sources.
- Country reference
- CIA World Factbook · 2025 archive
- Archive retrieved
- Oct 6, 2026 · retrieval date, not an observation period
- Currency associations
- SIX / ISO 4217 currency registry ↗
- Rate observations
- Frankfurter / official reference providers ↗ · each observation is dated separately
- State classification
- UN member states ↗ · UN observer states ↗
- UN membership is shown separately from territory and currency coverage; inclusion is not a position on sovereignty or boundaries.
- CIA World Factbook text preserved by World Factbook Archive. Archive edition 2025; individual estimates retain their own dates. These are historical reference facts, not current observations.
About the editions. The CIA announced the end of its online World Factbook on February 4, 2026. Our historical profiles retain the archive editions shown above.
Skyhorse lists The CIA World Factbook 2026–2027, published April 7, 2026 (ISBN 9781510786042). That book’s full text has not been incorporated here; its edition title does not redate the imported archive. Archive distribution license.
Geography is a simplified reference. Displayed boundaries and entity inclusion do not express a position on sovereignty or disputed borders.