AFRICA · COUNTRY REFERENCE
Sudan
Written and compiled by American Business Capital Group Inc.
Selected country or entityMap: Natural Earth ↗
ANNUAL ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT
Population & economic scale
The most recent non-empty observations returned by the World Bank when this snapshot was collected. Read the year on each card: these are annual statistics, not live measurements.
World Bank reporting entity: Sudan · 3 of 3 indicators available.
Population
51,662,147
people
observation
Definition, value & source
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
Received value: 51662147 people. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wpp/, publisher: UN Population Division; Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices, National Statistical Offices (NSOs), uri: https://unstats.un.org/home/nso_sites/, publisher: National Statistical Offices; Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, Eurostat (ESTAT), uri: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database?node_code=earn_ses_monthly, publisher: Eurostat; Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), United Nations (UN), uri: https://unstats.un.org, publisher: UN Statistics Division
GDP
$60.16 billion
current US$
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 60162634574.4689 current US$. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP per capita
$1,165
current US$ per person
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate.This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 1164.53991699219 current US$ per person. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP and GDP per capita use current US dollars, without an inflation or purchasing-power-parity adjustment. Source years can differ. Missing data is not zero; earlier archive figures below are retained as a separate historical reference.
THE REFERENCE FILE
Sudan at a glance
These are historical reference facts from the 2025 World Factbook archive. Each estimate keeps its own period; an archive edition does not make every figure a measurement from that year.
Population
total: 50,467,278 (2024 est.) male: 25,335,092 female: 25,132,186
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$94.42 billion (2024 est.) $109.147 billion (2023 est.) $154.672 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)
$49.91 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Real GDP growth rate
-13.5% (2024 est.) -29.4% (2023 est.) -1% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP per capita
$1,900 (2024 est.) $2,200 (2023 est.) $3,100 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
138.8% (2022 est.) 359.1% (2021 est.) 163.3% (2020 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Unemployment rate
11.45% (2023 est.) 7.6% (2022 est.) 11.1% (2021 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
Labor force
10.949 million (2022 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Budget
revenues: $9.045 billion (2015 est.) expenditures: $9.103 billion (2015 est.) note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Current account balance
-$4.443 billion (2022 est.) -$2.62 billion (2021 est.) -$5.841 billion (2020 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
$5.908 billion (2022 est.) $6.664 billion (2021 est.) $5.065 billion (2020 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports
$11.575 billion (2022 est.) $10.271 billion (2021 est.) $10.52 billion (2020 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$177.934 million (2017 est.) $168.284 million (2016 est.) $173.516 million (2015 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Debt - external
$21.65 billion (2023 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 63.2% (2022 est.) electrification - urban areas: 84% electrification - rural areas: 49.4%
Internet users
percent of population: 26% (2020 est.)
THE HISTORICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY
Explore the country in detail
Browse the economy, population, resources and infrastructure. These archived descriptions keep their original wording and dates; they have not been updated to describe current conditions.
31 of 31 sections
Location
north-eastern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Egypt and Eritrea
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Capital
name: Khartoum geographic coordinates: 15 36 N, 32 32 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: the name derives from the Arabic words ras (head or end) and al-khurtum (elephant's trunk), referring to the narrow strip of land between the Blue and White Niles where the city is located
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Economic overview
low-income Sahel economy devastated by ongoing civil war; major impacts on rural income, basic commodity prices, industrial production, agricultural supply chain, communications and commerce; hyperinflation and currency depreciation worsening food access and humanitarian conditions
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural resources
petroleum; small reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold; hydropower
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Agricultural products
sugarcane, sorghum, milk, onions, groundnuts, sesame seeds, goat milk, bananas, mangoes/guavas, millet (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Industries
oil, cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments, automobile/light truck assembly, milling
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - partners
UAE 21%, China 17%, Saudi Arabia 16%, Malaysia 9%, Egypt 8% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - commodities
crude petroleum, gold, oil seeds, sheep and goats, ground nuts (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - partners
China 21%, India 19%, Egypt 16%, UAE 14%, Saudi Arabia 7% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - commodities
raw sugar, wheat flours, refined petroleum, garments, packaged medicine (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Climate
hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November)
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Terrain
generally flat, featureless plain; desert dominates the north
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Land use
agricultural land: 60.3% (2023 est.) arable land: 11.2% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0.1% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 49% (2023 est.) forest: 12% (2023 est.) other: 27.7% (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural hazards
dust storms and periodic persistent droughts
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Languages
Arabic (official), English (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, Fur major-language sample(s): كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. (English)
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Religions
Sunni Muslim, small Christian minority
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Age structure
0-14 years: 40.1% (male 10,278,453/female 9,949,343) 15-64 years: 56.7% (male 14,211,514/female 14,390,486) 65 years and over: 3.2% (2024 est.) (male 845,125/female 792,357)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Urbanization
urban population: 36.3% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 3.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
2023, 2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 67.8 years (2024 est.) male: 65.5 years female: 70.2 years
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 3.815 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 13.983 billion kWh (2023 est.) imports: 882 million kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 3.646 billion kWh (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 29.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 0.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 68.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 0.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Petroleum
total petroleum production: 68,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 129,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 1.25 billion barrels (2021 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural gas
proven reserves: 84.951 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Carbon dioxide emissions
18.242 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 300 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 18.242 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 34.7 million (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 74 (2022 est.)
2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 30,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2022 est.) less than 1
2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Airports
45 (2025)
2025 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Railways
total: 7,251 km (2014) narrow gauge: 5,851 km (2014) 1.067-m gauge 1,400 km 0.600-m gauge for cotton plantations
2014 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Ports
total ports: 4 (2024) large: 0 medium: 2 small: 2 very small: 0 ports with oil terminals: 3 key ports: Al Khair Oil Terminal, Beshayer Oil Terminal, Port Sudan, Sawakin Harbor
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 22.1% (2024 est.) industry: 23% (2024 est.) services: 54.9% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Remittances
2.5% of GDP (2023 est.) 2.9% of GDP (2022 est.) 3.3% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
2023, 2022, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
CURRENCY OBSERVATIONS
Money & exchange rates
The latest verified daily references are separate from the historical country profile. Values are currency units per US$1.
Sudanese Pound
SDG per US$1
Published reference snapshot; its original observation date is preserved.
1 SDG = US$0.001664337
599.46–602.37 SDG per US$1 across the displayed observations. The vertical scale follows this range.
View dated observations
| Observation date | SDG per US$1 |
|---|---|
| Oct 6, 2026 | 600.84 |
| Oct 5, 2026 | 601.66 |
| Oct 3, 2026 | 602.17 |
| Oct 2, 2026 | 602.17 |
| Oct 1, 2026 | 601.56 |
| Sep 30, 2026 | 600.03 |
| Sep 29, 2026 | 600.81 |
| Sep 28, 2026 | 600.97 |
| Sep 26, 2026 | 601.44 |
| Sep 25, 2026 | 601.43 |
| Sep 24, 2026 | 602.31 |
| Sep 23, 2026 | 600.26 |
| Sep 22, 2026 | 600.65 |
| Sep 21, 2026 | 600.94 |
| Sep 19, 2026 | 602.19 |
| Sep 18, 2026 | 602.19 |
| Sep 17, 2026 | 602.37 |
| Sep 16, 2026 | 600.3 |
| Sep 15, 2026 | 601.19 |
| Sep 14, 2026 | 601.55 |
| Sep 11, 2026 | 601.24 |
| Sep 10, 2026 | 600.28 |
| Sep 9, 2026 | 600.39 |
| Sep 8, 2026 | 599.84 |
| Sep 7, 2026 | 599.46 |
Daily references are not live execution prices. A check time does not change a source observation date.
CAPITAL MARKETS
Stock exchanges
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SOURCES & DATES
Where the facts come from.
Editorial presentation by American Business Capital Group Inc. The organizations and archive links below are the underlying sources.
- Country reference
- CIA World Factbook · 2025 archive
- Archive retrieved
- Oct 6, 2026 · retrieval date, not an observation period
- Currency associations
- SIX / ISO 4217 currency registry ↗
- Rate observations
- Frankfurter / official reference providers ↗ · each observation is dated separately
- State classification
- UN member states ↗ · UN observer states ↗
- UN membership is shown separately from territory and currency coverage; inclusion is not a position on sovereignty or boundaries.
- CIA World Factbook text preserved by World Factbook Archive. Archive edition 2025; individual estimates retain their own dates. These are historical reference facts, not current observations.
About the editions. The CIA announced the end of its online World Factbook on February 4, 2026. Our historical profiles retain the archive editions shown above.
Skyhorse lists The CIA World Factbook 2026–2027, published April 7, 2026 (ISBN 9781510786042). That book’s full text has not been incorporated here; its edition title does not redate the imported archive. Archive distribution license.
Geography is a simplified reference. Displayed boundaries and entity inclusion do not express a position on sovereignty or disputed borders.