EUROPE · COUNTRY REFERENCE
Luxembourg
Written and compiled by American Business Capital Group Inc.
Selected country or entityMap: Natural Earth ↗
ANNUAL ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT
Population & economic scale
The most recent non-empty observations returned by the World Bank when this snapshot was collected. Read the year on each card: these are annual statistics, not live measurements.
World Bank reporting entity: Luxembourg · 3 of 3 indicators available.
Population
686,970
people
observation
Definition, value & source
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
Received value: 686970 people. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wpp/, publisher: UN Population Division; Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices, National Statistical Offices (NSOs), uri: https://unstats.un.org/home/nso_sites/, publisher: National Statistical Offices; Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, Eurostat (ESTAT), uri: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database?node_code=earn_ses_monthly, publisher: Eurostat; Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), United Nations (UN), uri: https://unstats.un.org, publisher: UN Statistics Division
GDP
$101.16 billion
current US$
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 101157829491.107 current US$. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP per capita
$147,252
current US$ per person
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate.This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 147252.179121515 current US$ per person. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP and GDP per capita use current US dollars, without an inflation or purchasing-power-parity adjustment. Source years can differ. Missing data is not zero; earlier archive figures below are retained as a separate historical reference.
THE REFERENCE FILE
Luxembourg at a glance
These are historical reference facts from the 2025 World Factbook archive. Each estimate keeps its own period; an archive edition does not make every figure a measurement from that year.
Population
total: 671,254 (2024 est.) male: 338,702 female: 332,552
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$86.871 billion (2024 est.) $85.984 billion (2023 est.) $86.584 billion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)
$93.197 billion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Real GDP growth rate
1% (2024 est.) -0.7% (2023 est.) -1.1% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP per capita
$128,200 (2024 est.) $129,000 (2023 est.) $132,600 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
2.1% (2024 est.) 3.7% (2023 est.) 6.3% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Unemployment rate
6% (2024 est.) 5.2% (2023 est.) 4.6% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
Labor force
350,000 (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Public debt
23% of GDP (2017 est.) note: data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions
Budget
revenues: $37.951 billion (2023 est.) expenditures: $38.263 billion (2023 est.) note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Current account balance
$12.877 billion (2024 est.) $9.861 billion (2023 est.) $7.509 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
$202.203 billion (2024 est.) $195.294 billion (2023 est.) $184.53 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports
$160.032 billion (2024 est.) $156.818 billion (2023 est.) $149.751 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$2.789 billion (2024 est.) $2.977 billion (2023 est.) $2.874 billion (2022 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
Internet users
percent of population: 99% (2024 est.)
THE HISTORICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY
Explore the country in detail
Browse the economy, population, resources and infrastructure. These archived descriptions keep their original wording and dates; they have not been updated to describe current conditions.
30 of 30 sections
Location
Western Europe, between France and Germany
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Capital
name: Luxembourg geographic coordinates: 49 36 N, 6 07 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: probably derived from an early Celtic or Germanic form of the name, Lucilinburhuc, that was thought to mean "little fortress;" the name first referred to the city and was later used for the country
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Economic overview
high-income EU and eurozone economy; global, highly capitalized banking sector; one of highest GDP-per-capita countries; strengthened domestic demand and lower interest rates contributing to economic growth; challenges include pension-system sustainability, labor-market dynamics, and energy price volatility
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural resources
iron ore (no longer exploited), arable land
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Agricultural products
milk, wheat, barley, triticale, potatoes, pork, grapes, beef, rye, rapeseed (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Industries
banking and financial services, construction, real estate services, iron, metals, and steel, information technology, telecommunications, cargo transportation and logistics, chemicals, engineering, tires, glass, aluminum, tourism, biotechnology
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - partners
Germany 18%, France 15%, Belgium 8%, Netherlands 7%, Italy 6% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - commodities
iron blocks, gas turbines, plastic products, rubber tires, plastics (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - partners
Belgium 26%, Germany 23%, France 10%, Netherlands 5%, USA 4% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - commodities
cars, refined petroleum, electricity, plastic products, gas turbines (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Climate
modified continental with mild winters, cool summers
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Terrain
mostly gently rolling uplands with broad, shallow valleys; uplands to slightly mountainous in the north; steep slope down to Moselle flood plain in the southeast
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Land use
agricultural land: 51.7% (2023 est.) arable land: 23.8% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 0.6% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 27.1% (2023 est.) forest: 34.5% (2023 est.) other: 13.9% (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural hazards
occasional flooding
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Languages
Luxembourgish (official administrative, judicial, and national language) 48.9%, Portuguese 15.4%, French (official administrative, judicial, and legislative language) 14.9%, Italian 3.6%, English 3.6%, German (official administrative and judicial language) 2.9%, other 10.8% (2021 est.)
2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Religions
Christian (predominantly Roman Catholic) 70.6%, Muslim 2.3%, other (includes Buddhist, folk religions, Hindu, Jewish) 0.4%, unaffiliated 26.7% (2020 est.)
2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Age structure
0-14 years: 16.7% (male 57,921/female 54,484) 15-64 years: 67.1% (male 231,214/female 219,497) 65 years and over: 16.1% (2024 est.) (male 49,567/female 58,571)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Urbanization
urban population: 92.1% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 1.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
2023, 2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 83.4 years (2024 est.) male: 80.9 years female: 85.9 years
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 2.212 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 5.87 billion kWh (2023 est.) exports: 1.188 billion kWh (2023 est.) imports: 6.39 billion kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 141.867 million kWh (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 10.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 37.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) wind: 55.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: -35.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) note: Luxembourg has negative net hydroelectric power generation based on losses from use of pumped storage hydropower biomass and waste: 32.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Petroleum
refined petroleum consumption: 51,000 bbl/day (2024 est.)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural gas
consumption: 556.63 million cubic meters (2023 est.) imports: 552.714 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Carbon dioxide emissions
8.715 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 75,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 7.496 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 1.144 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 961,000 (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 137 (2021 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 250,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 38 (2022 est.)
2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Airports
3 (2025)
2025 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Railways
total: 271 km (2020) 262 km electrified
2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 0.2% (2024 est.) industry: 9% (2024 est.) services: 81.9% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Remittances
2.6% of GDP (2024 est.) 2.8% of GDP (2023 est.) 2.8% of GDP (2022 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
2024, 2023, 2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
CURRENCY OBSERVATIONS
Money & exchange rates
The latest verified daily references are separate from the historical country profile. Values are currency units per US$1.
Euro
EUR per US$1
Published reference snapshot; its original observation date is preserved.
1 EUR = US$1.123457
0.85945–0.89011 EUR per US$1 across the displayed observations. The vertical scale follows this range.
View dated observations
| Observation date | EUR per US$1 |
|---|---|
| Oct 6, 2026 | 0.89011 |
| Oct 5, 2026 | 0.88998 |
| Oct 4, 2026 | 0.88663 |
| Oct 3, 2026 | 0.88624 |
| Oct 2, 2026 | 0.88569 |
| Oct 1, 2026 | 0.88281 |
| Sep 30, 2026 | 0.88089 |
| Sep 29, 2026 | 0.87986 |
| Sep 28, 2026 | 0.87747 |
| Sep 27, 2026 | 0.87722 |
| Sep 26, 2026 | 0.87731 |
| Sep 25, 2026 | 0.87747 |
| Sep 24, 2026 | 0.8776 |
| Sep 23, 2026 | 0.87407 |
| Sep 22, 2026 | 0.8712 |
| Sep 21, 2026 | 0.87098 |
| Sep 20, 2026 | 0.87046 |
| Sep 19, 2026 | 0.87035 |
| Sep 18, 2026 | 0.87026 |
| Sep 17, 2026 | 0.86922 |
| Sep 16, 2026 | 0.86583 |
| Sep 15, 2026 | 0.86609 |
| Sep 14, 2026 | 0.86392 |
| Sep 13, 2026 | 0.86144 |
| Sep 12, 2026 | 0.86132 |
| Sep 11, 2026 | 0.8611 |
| Sep 10, 2026 | 0.8595 |
| Sep 9, 2026 | 0.85945 |
| Sep 8, 2026 | 0.86065 |
| Sep 7, 2026 | 0.86089 |
Daily references are not live execution prices. A check time does not change a source observation date.
CAPITAL MARKETS
Stock exchanges
No venue from our curated stock exchange directory is listed for this entity.
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Official data & country reports
Research directories have their own coverage. A link is not a claim that every entity has an IMF report or a separate national statistical office.
SOURCES & DATES
Where the facts come from.
Editorial presentation by American Business Capital Group Inc. The organizations and archive links below are the underlying sources.
- Country reference
- CIA World Factbook · 2025 archive
- Archive retrieved
- Oct 6, 2026 · retrieval date, not an observation period
- Currency associations
- SIX / ISO 4217 currency registry ↗
- Rate observations
- Frankfurter / official reference providers ↗ · each observation is dated separately
- State classification
- UN member states ↗ · UN observer states ↗
- UN membership is shown separately from territory and currency coverage; inclusion is not a position on sovereignty or boundaries.
- CIA World Factbook text preserved by World Factbook Archive. Archive edition 2025; individual estimates retain their own dates. These are historical reference facts, not current observations.
About the editions. The CIA announced the end of its online World Factbook on February 4, 2026. Our historical profiles retain the archive editions shown above.
Skyhorse lists The CIA World Factbook 2026–2027, published April 7, 2026 (ISBN 9781510786042). That book’s full text has not been incorporated here; its edition title does not redate the imported archive. Archive distribution license.
Geography is a simplified reference. Displayed boundaries and entity inclusion do not express a position on sovereignty or disputed borders.