ASIA & MIDDLE EAST · COUNTRY REFERENCE
Lebanon
Written and compiled by American Business Capital Group Inc.
Selected country or entityMap: Natural Earth ↗
ANNUAL ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT
Population & economic scale
The most recent non-empty observations returned by the World Bank when this snapshot was collected. Read the year on each card: these are annual statistics, not live measurements.
World Bank reporting entity: Lebanon · 3 of 3 indicators available.
Population
5,849,421
people
observation
Definition, value & source
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
Received value: 5849421 people. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wpp/, publisher: UN Population Division; Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices, National Statistical Offices (NSOs), uri: https://unstats.un.org/home/nso_sites/, publisher: National Statistical Offices; Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, Eurostat (ESTAT), uri: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database?node_code=earn_ses_monthly, publisher: Eurostat; Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), United Nations (UN), uri: https://unstats.un.org, publisher: UN Statistics Division
GDP
$25.97 billion
current US$
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 25971643441.3408 current US$. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP per capita
$4,473
current US$ per person
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate.This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 4473.27134441128 current US$ per person. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP and GDP per capita use current US dollars, without an inflation or purchasing-power-parity adjustment. Source years can differ. Missing data is not zero; earlier archive figures below are retained as a separate historical reference.
THE REFERENCE FILE
Lebanon at a glance
These are historical reference facts from the 2025 World Factbook archive. Each estimate keeps its own period; an archive edition does not make every figure a measurement from that year.
Population
total: 5,364,482 (2024 est.) male: 2,678,543 female: 2,685,939
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$65.415 billion (2023 est.) $65.917 billion (2022 est.) $66.329 billion (2021 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)
$20.079 billion (2023 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Real GDP growth rate
-0.8% (2023 est.) -0.6% (2022 est.) -7% (2021 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP per capita
$11,300 (2023 est.) $11,500 (2022 est.) $11,600 (2021 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
45.2% (2024 est.) 221.3% (2023 est.) 171.2% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Unemployment rate
11.6% (2023 est.) 11.6% (2022 est.) 12.7% (2021 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
Labor force
1.939 million (2023 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Public debt
146.8% of GDP (2017 est.) note: data cover central government debt and exclude debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intragovernmental debt; intragovernmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment
Budget
revenues: $12.73 billion (2021 est.) expenditures: $11.853 billion (2021 est.) note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Current account balance
-$5.643 billion (2023 est.) -$7.265 billion (2022 est.) -$4.556 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
$11.77 billion (2023 est.) $12.445 billion (2022 est.) $9.684 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports
$23.313 billion (2023 est.) $24.536 billion (2022 est.) $17.667 billion (2021 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$33.301 billion (2024 est.) $27.49 billion (2023 est.) $32.513 billion (2022 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Debt - external
$41.936 billion (2023 est.) note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
Internet users
percent of population: 84% (2023 est.)
THE HISTORICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY
Explore the country in detail
Browse the economy, population, resources and infrastructure. These archived descriptions keep their original wording and dates; they have not been updated to describe current conditions.
31 of 31 sections
Location
Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Israel and Syria
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Capital
name: Beirut geographic coordinates: 33 52 N, 35 30 E time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: derived from the Phoenician or Hebrew word be'erot , meaning "the wells," which were the only source of water in the region
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Economic overview
lower middle-income Middle Eastern economy; hyperinflation and sharp poverty increases; banks have ceased lending; economic contraction, destroyed infrastructure, and reduced consumer demand resulting from Israel-Hezbollah conflict
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural resources
limestone, iron ore, salt, water-surplus state in a water-deficit region, arable land
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Agricultural products
potatoes, milk, tomatoes, apples, oranges, olives, cucumbers/gherkins, chicken, lemons/limes, wheat (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Industries
banking, tourism, real estate and construction, food processing, wine, jewelry, cement, textiles, mineral and chemical products, wood and furniture products, oil refining, metal fabricating
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - partners
UAE 26%, Egypt 7%, Turkey 5%, Iraq 5%, USA 4% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - commodities
jewelry, cars, diamonds, scrap iron, gold (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - partners
Switzerland 12%, China 11%, Greece 9%, Turkey 8%, Italy 6% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, gold, cars, packaged medicine, garments (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Climate
Mediterranean; mild to cool, wet winters with hot, dry summers; the Lebanon Mountains experience heavy winter snows
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Terrain
narrow coastal plain; El Beqaa (Bekaa Valley) separates Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon Mountains
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Land use
agricultural land: 65.9% (2023 est.) arable land: 13.1% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 13.7% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 39.1% (2023 est.) forest: 13.8% (2023 est.) other: 20.3% (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural hazards
earthquakes; dust storms, sandstorms
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Languages
Arabic (official), French, English, Armenian major-language sample(s): كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic) The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Religions
Muslim 67.8% (31.9% Sunni, 31.2% Shia, smaller percentages of Alawites and Ismailis), Christian 32.4% (Maronite Catholics are the largest Christian group), Druze 4.5%, very small numbers of Jews, Baha'is, Buddhists, and Hindus (2020 est.) note: data represent the religious affiliation of the citizen population (data do not include Lebanon's sizable Syrian and Palestinian refugee populations); 18 religious sects recognized
2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Age structure
0-14 years: 18.9% (male 519,352/female 495,591) 15-64 years: 71.6% (male 1,939,311/female 1,900,574) 65 years and over: 9.5% (2024 est.) (male 219,880/female 289,774)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Urbanization
urban population: 89.4% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: -1.23% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
2023, 2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 79.2 years (2024 est.) male: 77.8 years female: 80.7 years
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Literacy
total population: 92% (2019 est.) male: 94.8% (2019 est.) female: 89.5% (2019 est.)
2019 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 5.161 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 4.077 billion kWh (2023 est.) imports: 797 million kWh (2021 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 436.839 million kWh (2023 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 52.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 31% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) wind: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 15.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 0.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Petroleum
refined petroleum consumption: 115,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Carbon dioxide emissions
17.484 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 375,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 17.109 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 4.29 million (2021 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 77 (2021 est.)
2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 419,000 (2022 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 7 (2022 est.)
2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Airports
8 (2025)
2025 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Railways
total: 401 km (2017) standard gauge: 319 km (2017) 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 82 km (2017) 1.050-m gauge note: rail system is still unusable due to damage sustained from fighting in the 1980s and in 2006
2017, 2006 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Ports
total ports: 5 (2024) large: 1 medium: 1 small: 0 very small: 3 ports with oil terminals: 3 key ports: Bayrut, Sayda, Selaata, Sidon/zahrani Terminal, Tarabulus
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 1% (2023 est.) industry: 2.1% (2023 est.) services: 42.4% (2023 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Remittances
33.3% of GDP (2023 est.) 30.7% of GDP (2022 est.) 27.5% of GDP (2021 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
2023, 2022, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
CURRENCY OBSERVATIONS
Money & exchange rates
The latest verified daily references are separate from the historical country profile. Values are currency units per US$1.
Lebanese Pound
LBP per US$1
Published reference snapshot; its original observation date is preserved.
1 LBP = US$0.0000111484
89,574–89,891 LBP per US$1 across the displayed observations. The vertical scale follows this range.
View dated observations
| Observation date | LBP per US$1 |
|---|---|
| Oct 6, 2026 | 89,699 |
| Oct 5, 2026 | 89,763 |
| Oct 4, 2026 | 89,765 |
| Oct 3, 2026 | 89,823 |
| Oct 2, 2026 | 89,891 |
| Oct 1, 2026 | 89,791 |
| Sep 30, 2026 | 89,697 |
| Sep 29, 2026 | 89,689 |
| Sep 28, 2026 | 89,711 |
| Sep 27, 2026 | 89,666 |
| Sep 26, 2026 | 89,664 |
| Sep 25, 2026 | 89,669 |
| Sep 24, 2026 | 89,717 |
| Sep 23, 2026 | 89,574 |
| Sep 22, 2026 | 89,722 |
| Sep 21, 2026 | 89,780 |
| Sep 20, 2026 | 89,823 |
| Sep 19, 2026 | 89,837 |
| Sep 18, 2026 | 89,831 |
| Sep 17, 2026 | 89,790 |
| Sep 16, 2026 | 89,676 |
| Sep 15, 2026 | 89,718 |
| Sep 14, 2026 | 89,761 |
| Sep 13, 2026 | 89,785 |
| Sep 11, 2026 | 89,837 |
| Sep 10, 2026 | 89,791 |
| Sep 9, 2026 | 89,799 |
| Sep 8, 2026 | 89,652 |
| Sep 7, 2026 | 89,609 |
Daily references are not live execution prices. A check time does not change a source observation date.
CAPITAL MARKETS
Stock exchanges
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Research directories have their own coverage. A link is not a claim that every entity has an IMF report or a separate national statistical office.
SOURCES & DATES
Where the facts come from.
Editorial presentation by American Business Capital Group Inc. The organizations and archive links below are the underlying sources.
- Country reference
- CIA World Factbook · 2025 archive
- Archive retrieved
- Oct 6, 2026 · retrieval date, not an observation period
- Currency associations
- SIX / ISO 4217 currency registry ↗
- Rate observations
- Frankfurter / official reference providers ↗ · each observation is dated separately
- State classification
- UN member states ↗ · UN observer states ↗
- UN membership is shown separately from territory and currency coverage; inclusion is not a position on sovereignty or boundaries.
- CIA World Factbook text preserved by World Factbook Archive. Archive edition 2025; individual estimates retain their own dates. These are historical reference facts, not current observations.
About the editions. The CIA announced the end of its online World Factbook on February 4, 2026. Our historical profiles retain the archive editions shown above.
Skyhorse lists The CIA World Factbook 2026–2027, published April 7, 2026 (ISBN 9781510786042). That book’s full text has not been incorporated here; its edition title does not redate the imported archive. Archive distribution license.
Geography is a simplified reference. Displayed boundaries and entity inclusion do not express a position on sovereignty or disputed borders.