EUROPE · COUNTRY REFERENCE
France
Written and compiled by American Business Capital Group Inc.
Selected country or entityMap: Natural Earth ↗
ANNUAL ECONOMIC SNAPSHOT
Population & economic scale
The most recent non-empty observations returned by the World Bank when this snapshot was collected. Read the year on each card: these are annual statistics, not live measurements.
World Bank reporting entity: France · 3 of 3 indicators available.
Population
68,720,337
people
observation
Definition, value & source
Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates.
Received value: 68720337 people. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), uri: https://population.un.org/wpp/, publisher: UN Population Division; Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices, National Statistical Offices (NSOs), uri: https://unstats.un.org/home/nso_sites/, publisher: National Statistical Offices; Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, Eurostat (ESTAT), uri: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database?node_code=earn_ses_monthly, publisher: Eurostat; Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), United Nations (UN), uri: https://unstats.un.org, publisher: UN Statistics Division
GDP
$3.37 trillion
current US$
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 3366315927447.33 current US$. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP per capita
$48,986
current US$ per person
observation
Definition, value & source
Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate.This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Received value: 48985.7307807924 current US$ per person. The main card rounds for readability.
- Collected
- Oct 7, 2026
- Dataset update reported by API
- Jul 13, 2026; separate from the observation year
World Bank indicator ↗ · API record ↗
World Bank, World Development Indicators. CC BY 4.0. Underlying sources: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB)
GDP and GDP per capita use current US dollars, without an inflation or purchasing-power-parity adjustment. Source years can differ. Missing data is not zero; earlier archive figures below are retained as a separate historical reference.
THE REFERENCE FILE
France at a glance
These are historical reference facts from the 2025 World Factbook archive. Each estimate keeps its own period; an archive edition does not make every figure a measurement from that year.
Population
total: 68,512,806 (2025 est.) male: 33,627,639 female: 34,885,167
Area
total : 643,801 sq km ; 551,500 sq km (metropolitan France) land: 640,427 sq km ; 549,970 sq km (metropolitan France) water: 3,374 sq km ; 1,530 sq km (metropolitan France) note: the first numbers include the overseas regions of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Reunion
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$3.732 trillion (2024 est.) $3.689 trillion (2023 est.) $3.655 trillion (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)
$3.162 trillion (2024 est.) note: data in current dollars at official exchange rate
Real GDP growth rate
1.2% (2024 est.) 0.9% (2023 est.) 2.6% (2022 est.) note: annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP per capita
$54,500 (2024 est.) $54,000 (2023 est.) $53,700 (2022 est.) note: data in 2021 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
2% (2024 est.) 4.9% (2023 est.) 5.2% (2022 est.) note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Unemployment rate
7.4% (2024 est.) 7.4% (2023 est.) 7.4% (2022 est.) note: % of labor force seeking employment
Labor force
31.725 million (2024 est.) note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Public debt
98.5% of GDP (2023 est.) note: central government debt as a % of GDP
Budget
revenues: $1.29 trillion (2023 est.) expenditures: $1.447 trillion (2023 est.) note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Current account balance
$12.382 billion (2024 est.) -$30.334 billion (2023 est.) -$33.069 billion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
$1.071 trillion (2024 est.) $1.05 trillion (2023 est.) $1.021 trillion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports
$1.074 trillion (2024 est.) $1.094 trillion (2023 est.) $1.092 trillion (2022 est.) note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$282.857 billion (2024 est.) $240.792 billion (2023 est.) $242.416 billion (2022 est.) note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Electricity access
electrification - total population: 100% (2022 est.)
Internet users
percent of population: 87% (2023 est.)
THE HISTORICAL REFERENCE LIBRARY
Explore the country in detail
Browse the economy, population, resources and infrastructure. These archived descriptions keep their original wording and dates; they have not been updated to describe current conditions.
31 of 31 sections
Location
metropolitan France: Western Europe, bordering the Bay of Biscay and English Channel, between Belgium and Spain, southeast of the UK; bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Italy and Spain French Guiana: Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname Guadeloupe: Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Puerto Rico Martinique: Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago Mayotte: Southern Indian Ocean, island in the Mozambique Channel, about halfway between northern Madagascar and northern Mozambique Reunion: Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Capital
name: Paris geographic coordinates: 48 52 N, 2 20 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October time zone note: applies to metropolitan France only; for its overseas regions the time difference is UTC-4 for Guadeloupe and Martinique, UTC-3 for French Guiana, UTC+3 for Mayotte, and UTC+4 for Reunion etymology: name derives from the Parisii, a Celtic tribe that inhabited the area from the 3rd century B.C.; the Celtic settlement became the Roman town of Lutetia Parisiorum (Lutetia of the Parisii); over subsequent centuries it became Parisium and then Paris
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Economic overview
high-income, advanced EU economy and eurozone member; strong tourism, aircraft manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and industrial sectors; high public debt; ongoing pension reform efforts; transitioning to a green economy via "France 2030" strategy
2030 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural resources
metropolitan France: coal, iron ore, bauxite, zinc, uranium, antimony, arsenic, potash, feldspar, fluorspar, gypsum, timber, arable land, fish; French Guiana : gold deposits, petroleum, kaolin, niobium, tantalum, clay
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Agricultural products
wheat, sugar beets, milk, maize, barley, potatoes, grapes, rapeseed, pork, sunflower seeds (2023) note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Industries
machinery, chemicals, automobiles, metallurgy, aircraft, electronics, textiles, food processing, tourism
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - partners
Germany 11%, Italy 9%, USA 8%, Belgium 8%, Spain 7% (2023) note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Exports - commodities
aircraft, cars, packaged medicine, gas turbines, vehicle parts/accessories (2023) note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - partners
Germany 15%, Belgium 11%, Netherlands 9%, Spain 8%, Italy 8% (2023) note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Imports - commodities
cars, natural gas, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, garments (2023) note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
2023 source periods; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Climate
metropolitan France: generally cool winters and mild summers, but mild winters and hot summers along the Mediterranean; occasional strong, cold, dry, north-to-northwesterly wind known as the mistral French Guiana: tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation Guadeloupe and Martinique: subtropical tempered by trade winds; moderately high humidity; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average Mayotte: tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November) Reunion: tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry (May to November), hot and rainy (November to April)
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Terrain
metropolitan France: mostly flat plains or gently rolling hills in north and west; remainder is mountainous, especially Pyrenees in south, Alps in east French Guiana: low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains Guadeloupe: Basse-Terre is volcanic in origin with interior mountains; Grande-Terre is low limestone formation; most of the seven other islands are volcanic in origin Martinique: mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano Mayotte: generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks Reunion: mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Land use
agricultural land: 52.5% (2023 est.) arable land: 31.4% (2023 est.) permanent crops: 1.9% (2023 est.) permanent pasture: 19.2% (2023 est.) forest: 32.7% (2023 est.) other: 15% (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural hazards
metropolitan France: flooding; avalanches; midwinter windstorms; drought; forest fires in south overseas departments: hurricanes (cyclones); flooding volcanism: Montagne Pel e (1,394 m) on the island of Martinique in the Caribbean is the most active volcano of the Lesser Antilles arc, although it last erupted in 1932; a catastrophic eruption in 1902 destroyed the city of St. Pierre, killing an estimated 30,000 people; La Soufri re (1,467 m) on the island of Guadeloupe has also had explosive eruptions in recent years
1932, 1902 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Languages
French (official) 100%, declining regional dialects and languages (Proven al, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish, Occitan, Picard) major-language sample(s): The World Factbook, une source indispensable d'informations de base. (French) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. note: overseas departments - French, Creole patois, Mahorian (a Swahili dialect)
archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Religions
Roman Catholic 47%, Muslim 4%, Protestant 2%, Buddhist 2%, Orthodox 1%, Jewish 1%, other 1%, none 33%, unspecified 9% (2021 est.) note: France maintains a tradition of secularism and has not officially collected data on religious affiliation since the 1872 national census, which complicates assessments of France's religious composition; an 1872 law prohibiting state authorities from collecting data on individuals' ethnicity or religious beliefs was reaffirmed by a 1978 law emphasizing the prohibition of the collection or exploitation of personal data revealing an individual's race, ethnicity, or political, philosophical, or religious opinions; a 1905 law codified France's separation of church and state
2021, 1978, 1905 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Age structure
0-14 years: 17.3% (male 6,060,087/female 5,792,805) 15-64 years: 60.7% (male 20,875,861/female 20,615,847) 65 years and over: 22% (2024 est.) (male 6,621,146/female 8,408,845)
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Urbanization
urban population: 81.8% of total population (2023) rate of urbanization: 0.67% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
2023, 2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 82.6 years (2024 est.) male: 79.8 years female: 85.5 years
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 151.463 million kW (2023 est.) consumption: 415.542 billion kWh (2023 est.) exports: 76.207 billion kWh (2023 est.) imports: 25.107 billion kWh (2023 est.) transmission/distribution losses: 35.282 billion kWh (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 7.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) nuclear: 63.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) solar: 4.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) wind: 10.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) hydroelectricity: 10.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) tide and wave: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.) biomass and waste: 2.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Petroleum
total petroleum production: 80,000 bbl/day (2023 est.) refined petroleum consumption: 1.536 million bbl/day (2024 est.) crude oil estimated reserves: 61.719 million barrels (2021 est.)
2023, 2024, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Natural gas
production: 17.928 million cubic meters (2023 est.) consumption: 33.238 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) exports: 13.584 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) imports: 46.909 billion cubic meters (2023 est.) proven reserves: 7.787 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)
2023, 2021 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Carbon dioxide emissions
303.779 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from coal and metallurgical coke: 25.355 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from petroleum and other liquids: 209.4 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.) from consumed natural gas: 69.025 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 77.5 million (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 117 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 32.3 million (2023 est.) subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 49 (2023 est.)
2023 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Airports
1,218 (2025) note: Includes 29 airports in French overseas departments (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, Reunion)
2025 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Railways
total: 27,860 km (2020) 16,660 km electrified narrow gauge: -5 km
2020 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Ports
total ports: 66 (2024) large: 6 medium: 12 small: 22 very small: 26 ports with oil terminals: 31 key ports: Bayonne, Bordeaux, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Dunkerque Port Est, Dunkerque Port Ouest, La Pallice, La Rochelle, Les Sables d'Olonne, Lorient, Montoir, Nantes, Le Havre, Rouen, Rade de Brest, Rade de Cherbourg, Rochefort, St. Nazaire, Toulon
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 1.4% (2024 est.) industry: 17.5% (2024 est.) services: 70.4% (2024 est.) note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
2024 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
Remittances
1.2% of GDP (2024 est.) 1.2% of GDP (2023 est.) 1.2% of GDP (2022 est.) note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
2024, 2023, 2022 dates in source text; archive edition 2025 · Archive source ↗
CURRENCY OBSERVATIONS
Money & exchange rates
The latest verified daily references are separate from the historical country profile. Values are currency units per US$1.
Euro
EUR per US$1
Published reference snapshot; its original observation date is preserved.
1 EUR = US$1.123457
0.85945–0.89011 EUR per US$1 across the displayed observations. The vertical scale follows this range.
View dated observations
| Observation date | EUR per US$1 |
|---|---|
| Oct 6, 2026 | 0.89011 |
| Oct 5, 2026 | 0.88998 |
| Oct 4, 2026 | 0.88663 |
| Oct 3, 2026 | 0.88624 |
| Oct 2, 2026 | 0.88569 |
| Oct 1, 2026 | 0.88281 |
| Sep 30, 2026 | 0.88089 |
| Sep 29, 2026 | 0.87986 |
| Sep 28, 2026 | 0.87747 |
| Sep 27, 2026 | 0.87722 |
| Sep 26, 2026 | 0.87731 |
| Sep 25, 2026 | 0.87747 |
| Sep 24, 2026 | 0.8776 |
| Sep 23, 2026 | 0.87407 |
| Sep 22, 2026 | 0.8712 |
| Sep 21, 2026 | 0.87098 |
| Sep 20, 2026 | 0.87046 |
| Sep 19, 2026 | 0.87035 |
| Sep 18, 2026 | 0.87026 |
| Sep 17, 2026 | 0.86922 |
| Sep 16, 2026 | 0.86583 |
| Sep 15, 2026 | 0.86609 |
| Sep 14, 2026 | 0.86392 |
| Sep 13, 2026 | 0.86144 |
| Sep 12, 2026 | 0.86132 |
| Sep 11, 2026 | 0.8611 |
| Sep 10, 2026 | 0.8595 |
| Sep 9, 2026 | 0.85945 |
| Sep 8, 2026 | 0.86065 |
| Sep 7, 2026 | 0.86089 |
Daily references are not live execution prices. A check time does not change a source observation date.
CAPITAL MARKETS
Stock exchanges
Exchange directory coverage is curated and does not establish that an entity has no other trading venues.
CONTINUE YOUR RESEARCH
Official data & country reports
Research directories have their own coverage. A link is not a claim that every entity has an IMF report or a separate national statistical office.
SOURCES & DATES
Where the facts come from.
Editorial presentation by American Business Capital Group Inc. The organizations and archive links below are the underlying sources.
- Country reference
- CIA World Factbook · 2025 archive
- Archive retrieved
- Oct 6, 2026 · retrieval date, not an observation period
- Currency associations
- SIX / ISO 4217 currency registry ↗
- Rate observations
- Frankfurter / official reference providers ↗ · each observation is dated separately
- State classification
- UN member states ↗ · UN observer states ↗
- UN membership is shown separately from territory and currency coverage; inclusion is not a position on sovereignty or boundaries.
- CIA World Factbook text preserved by World Factbook Archive. Archive edition 2025; individual estimates retain their own dates. These are historical reference facts, not current observations.
About the editions. The CIA announced the end of its online World Factbook on February 4, 2026. Our historical profiles retain the archive editions shown above.
Skyhorse lists The CIA World Factbook 2026–2027, published April 7, 2026 (ISBN 9781510786042). That book’s full text has not been incorporated here; its edition title does not redate the imported archive. Archive distribution license.
Geography is a simplified reference. Displayed boundaries and entity inclusion do not express a position on sovereignty or disputed borders.